What is Machine Learning?

Machine learning (ML) is a subfield of AI that helps programs improve their predictive abilities over time without being explicitly taught. Predictions from machine learning algorithms are based on past data.

The training set is a data collection used to teach ML algorithms a certain task. Examples in the training set represent the ideal input and output values. The system is trained to recognize trends and make inferences from them.

Predictions on new data can be made after training the algorithm. Customers’ propensity to churn (cancel their subscription) can be predicted, for instance, by training a machine learning algorithm on their prior actions.

Machine learning is an effective method for handling many different issues. Machine learning algorithms, however, can only perform as well as the information they are given to learn from. The algorithm will learn to produce biased or erroneous predictions if the training data needs to be revised or revised.

Here’s a basic illustration of machine learning in action:

Let’s say you’re interested in churn prediction and wish to train a machine learning system. Gathering information on your current and former clients, such as their demographics, subscription history, and churn rate, is a good place to start.

A machine-learning technique can train a model if the data is available. The program will be trained to recognize data patterns that indicate impending consumer defection. The model may discover, for instance, that long-term subscribers who have never needed help from support are less likely to cancel their service than those who have just signed up but have already contacted the company several times.

Once the model has been trained, it can be used to foresee the likelihood of churn among prospective new clients. One scenario in which the model may make such a prediction involves a new client who has only been subscribed briefly but has already called customer service. With this knowledge, you may utilize discounts and extra support to keep the consumer from defecting.

Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques like machine learning and deep learning enable programs to improve their predictive abilities over time without being explicitly taught by humans. There are, nevertheless, important distinctions between the two.

“Machine Learning” describes an umbrella field that includes many computational methods. Many machine learning algorithms are built to “learn” from data by automatically identifying patterns. The learned patterns can then be applied to new data for prediction by the algorithm.

Deep learning is a machine learning specialization that simulates intelligent behavior using neural networks. The design and operation of the human brain serve as models for artificial neural networks. Neurons, which are the building blocks of the network, process information and learn from data.

Learning from enormous volumes of data, like photographs, movies, and text, is a strength of deep learning systems. They have been employed in many fields, such as machine translation, natural language processing, and image recognition, to obtain state-of-the-art outcomes.

Some instances of machine learning models are as follows:

Supervised learning models:

• Continuous quantities, such as the price of a home or the number of people visiting a business on a certain day, can be predicted with the help of a linear regression model.
• Whether a client will churn (cancel their subscription) or if a patient has a disease are examples of binary values that can be predicted with a logistic regression model.
• A decision tree is a model that may be used to classify data into various categories.
• SVMs, or support vector machines, are a type of model employed in classification and regression analyses.
• Random forests are a model used for prediction that mixes numerous decision trees.

Unsupervised learning models:

• K-means clustering is a model for organizing data into distinct clusters according to shared characteristics.
• A model for organizing data into hierarchical groups according to their similarities is called hierarchical clustering.
• Principal component analysis (PCA) is a model for minimizing the number of dimensions in a dataset without losing information.

Reinforcement learning models:

• Q-learning is a paradigm for figuring out how to act in a given circumstance to maximize the rewards on offer.
• To learn how to act in a given setting, policy gradients can be utilized as a model to optimize the policy function directly.

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References:

• https://korearavindh112208.medium.com/how-mncs-benefited-from-ai-ml-199fc0819b1
• https://www.mathworks.com/discovery/machine-learning-models.html#:~:text=There%20are%20two%20main%20types,where%20the%20response%20is%20continuous).
• https://reason.town/predictive-machine-learning-trend-micro/
• https://www.servicenow.com/workflow/learn/what-is-data-science/data-science-techniques-applications.html